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:	post by mutis at 2010-09-27 14:33:12

"The early primates probably were small nocturnal predators living in the fine branches of trees (Cartmill, 1972, 1974; Allman, 1977; Martin, 1979); some primates have retained this mode of life, but most have become larger, diurnal folivores or frugivores. Frugivorous diet is correlated positively with brain size and the amount of neocortex relative to body size in Primates (Stephan and Andy, 1970; Clutton-Brock and Harvery, 1980). This association between frugivorous diet and enlarged brain and neocortex may be related to the special demands imposed because a fruit eater's food supply is not constant; different plants bear fruit at different times and at different locations in the complex matrix of the tropical forest (Allman, 1977). Clearly, an animal guided by memory of the locations of fruit-bearing trees can more efficiently exploit the available fruit sources than would otherwise be possible. Thus natural selection would have favored the development in frugivorous primates of capacities for visuospatial memory, which may be localized in a particular area or set of areas."

-PRIMATE BRAIN EVOLUTION, METHODS AND CONCEPTS, edited by Este Armstrong and Dean Falk. New York, Plenum Press, 1982. "Reonstructing the Evolution of the Brain in Primates Through The Use of Comparative Neuophysiological and Neuroanatomical Data" by John Allman. Page 21

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